Naiman attempts to clarify the short term effects of analytic interpretation and discusses the controversial issue of whether cure comes about through interpretation alone, or through 'corrective emotional experience', identification with the analyst, or introjective-projective mechanisms. He illustrates with clinical material how an interpretation effected change in the direction of homosexuality to heterosexuality. The interpretation had five effects: feeling of discovery, relevant associations, behavioral change, change in affect, and change in dream material.