Barande considers Freud's countertransference as having a double impact on his attitude toward interminable analysis: a theoretical conviction and a technical exigency. His theoretical conviction is determined by the concepts of the death instinct and castration anxiety as biological determinants of the destiny of the cure. The technical exigency depends on his imperious demand that the woman give up penis envy and the man accept his passive feminine wishes. Barande reasons that if one poses the concepts of the death instinct and castration complex as biologically or phylogenetically determined, it tends to engage the analysis in an impasse so that neither analyst nor patient have to deal with the castration anxiety implied in ending the treatment, the implications of separation being castration and death.