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Thirteen hundred seventy-six kibbutz children were included in this study to determine the frequency, duration, and outcome of enuresis. The author reports that very few comparable studies of other children throughout the world can be found. The available literature indicates that in Western cultures the average incidence of enuresis is ten to fifteen percent between ages four to seven years, and eight to twelve percent between seven to eleven years. For kibbutz children aged four to five, thirty-one percent have not yet completed bladder training, and of those between four and seven years of age, twenty-six percent are enuretic—about twice the rate for other children. By ages nine to twelve, however, the ratio is reversed, and by ages twelve to fifteen, the percentage of enuresis in other children is four times that of kibbutz children. The author explains the larger incidence of early enuresis in kibbutz children as due to child-rearing practices that separate toilet training from the intensity of winning or losing maternal love. Further, since the emotional significance of toilet training is relatively reduced, there is less chance of the child using it later as an expression of family conflict. This theory is supported by the relative infrequency of regressive enuresis in the kibbutz child.