Bieber outlines crisis situations which may evoke homosexual wishes, fears, and fantasies in heterosexual males. Promotions or successes may intensify problems of competitive aggression toward males or expectation of retaliatory aggression. Homosexual fantasies may represent placatory gestures against castration threats. In addition, the threatened loss of another strong male (father) with whom the patient has intense dependent ties may precipitate a crisis with homosexual content. Bieber points out that hyperindependent males who fear