The author discusses a perversion of the listening process, not as a new clinical entity or in the form of a case report, but as a malfunction of the analytic process. Reflecting on the role of speaking and listening in the course of an analysis, Gillibert suggests that it is erroneous to suppose that listening can be neutral. A perversion of hearing occurs when the analyst thinks that he is being only the echo or mirror of the patient's discourse. He then hears the patient though the prism of the concepts and categories of psychoanalysis. Listening