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The author cites Freud's saying, in effect, that men disparage women for being castrated; Brunswick's concept that 'the little girl frees herself from her mother with greater hostility than a boy does'; and Evans's statement that 'the boy's liberation is not from a weak, Oedipal castrated mother, but from the omnipotent and preoedipal mother'. The liberation movement for boys as well as girls begins at the breast. Women involved in the liberation movement may use group therapy nontherapeutically to rationalize their problems. Discussion of women's rights becomes resistance to confronting intrapsychic conflicts. If the drive toward equality with man is so intense that it constricts and leads to chronic rage instead of healthy competition then it may well be due to unresolved rivalry toward the preoedipal mother. Penis envy can be part of a deeper resentment: 'I have been deprived'. As patients work through their passivity and their defensive anger against passivity—their pseudoaggression—they realize that what they believe is society's dictum that they must have a man in order to feel whole is an expression of their infantile dependence on their mother. With this realization comes dynamic change.