Viderman's work and the impassioned responses it has evoked is compared with the discoveries of Melanie Klein who was also concerned with the importance of unconscious fantasies in the psychic apparatus. Viderman emphasizes the role of countertransference and the role which the psychic apparatus of the analyst plays in the analysis. Hence Viderman's thesis places heavy responsibility on the analyst in the formulation of his or her interpretations. Analysts must be in communication with their own unconscious. The creative aspects of analytic space are such that the analyst must permit the development of an ideally functioning psychic apparatus which serves for development, integration, and creation, reminiscent of the early mother-child relationship.