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This paper was originally intended to be a review article on the work done by A. and E. Garma on the submission to the superego in Freud's theory of narcissism. The scope and complexities of the formulations introduced by Guiter go beyond the original aim. He agrees with some writers, such as Melanie Klein, on the importance of the superego in relation to psychoses and therefore to narcissism. He disagrees, however, with their concept of the development of the superego. Freud's superego theory is more acceptable to him.
Guiter emphasizes that resistance to the analytic process is caused by a sense of guilt and the need for punishment. Analyzing submission to the superego is to scrutinize the essence of human nature, which involves a constant interaction of the most extreme and opposite feelings, even murderous wishes, between parents and children. In Argentina, perhaps in most of Latin America and in other countries as well, there is an emphasis on analyzing the need to submit as a helpful antidote to the opposite tendency to analyze the patient's sadism.
Guiter believes that since Freud's observations, most analysts agree that the sucking and cannibalistic stages become fixation points to which the psychotic patient regresses. He does not consider that the superego belongs to the psychotic component, although its presence is felt in the general picture of the