The author makes a very good case for no longer thinking in terms of a post-encephalitic syndrome as a clinical entity in itself. Rather, the organic illness produces a psychological reaction which is specific to the personality of the child but not specifically related to the neural damage. First, he indicates that operations, chronic physical disorders, or other brain diseases act as stimuli for the psychological behavioral problems. This is illustrated by the analysis of a girl who had a very severe meningoencephalitis from which she almost died and after which all the classical behavioral symptoms occurred. The analysis lasted for somewhat less than three years and was successful in that her behavior changed completely and none of the previous behavioral problems persisted.