The author emphasizes the many indications in the Old Testament that child sacrifice was prevalent during the primordial days of Judaism. These indications stand in contradiction to the almost exclusive weight Freud attributes to the phenomenon of parricide in Moses and Monotheism and Totem and Taboo. One can surmise that many of the Judaic ritual laws were not the result of guilt feelings for the primal crime of parricide; rather they are stern reminders of the fact that infanticide can be invoked against rebellious sons. The Passover rituals in particular are filled with remnants of the first-born sacrifice tradition. The rituals of circumcision and Pidyon Hoben (buying back the firstborn from the Cohen) are viewed as substitutes for infanticide. The author concludes with two questions. Is the emphasis on parricide in current psychoanalytic theory justified? Since the fears of children have been ascribed to castration anxiety, can it be that castration anxiety should be renamed infanticide anxiety?