Marmor explores the nature of change in psychoanalytic treatment. Traditionally, the increase in cognitive awareness (insight) and the release of repressed affect (abreaction) have been viewed as the primary factors associated with change. Freud, however, made it clear that these factors were in themselves insufficient agents of change; increasingly, he came to emphasize the importance of the working through of resistances. The length of time required for a successful analysis is not, in Marmor's view, due to the duration of the uncovering process. Rather it is due to the amount of time required for the patient to generalize insights gained in the transference encounter and to apply them to life situations. This involves the interpretation and ultimate working through of "perceptual distortions and defensive rationalizations under an umbrella of benign and consistent emotional support." This is accomplished through a variety of factors which include a good patient-therapist relationship, unconscious identification