Thrane, a philosopher by training and profession, begins with an analysis of shame, using the points of view and data supplied by psychoanalysis, anthropology, and philosophy, which helps us to understand shame in a more comprehensive way. The author then goes on to offer a theory of the function of the sense of shame, involving the relationship to a coherent and meaningful sense of self. This enables us to appreciate the function of shame as an adaptation. Thrane concludes with remarks concerning the understanding of shame in the practice of psychotherapy, particularly in its relevance to respect for the patient's individuality.