This article was written at the request of George Pollock, Director of the Chicago Institute, because the publication of Anna Freud's book, Introduction to Psychoanalysis for Teachers, coincided with the opening of the Chicago Institute fifty years ago. Anna Freud reminds us of the considerable advances that have since been made in teachers' understanding of the learning process, and she stresses how much more is yet to be learned. Thus, fifty years ago, children's intellectual prowess was seen as totally isolated from the body and emotions. Today, we are much more aware of the effect that developmental difficulties may have on the child's learning. In her usual succinct style, Anna Freud outlines many of the developmental difficulties that the child has to meet and some of the ways in which the child meets them.