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Even though Freud treated patients who would be considered borderline or even schizophrenic according to the DSM III diagnostic criteria of today, he felt strongly that psychoanalysis was not suitable for the narcissistic disorders. His early work was directed toward developing a theory of and treatment for the neuroses, as was the work of other early analysts. Many analysts have attempted to understand the pregenital disorders, using psychoanalytic theory, and a small number have been involved in clinical settings where they actually treat and study schizophrenic patients using methods based on these psychoanalytic theories. Outstanding in making careful observation and integrating clinical work with analytic principles was Ping-Nie Pao.
This collection of essays is a fitting and scholarly tribute to Pao, who was director of psychotherapy at Chestnut Lodge from 1967 until his death in 1981. Ping-Nie Pao's work with severely ill hospitalized patients was unique for a psychoanalyst, and he became concerned about all aspects of his patients' illnesses. He published Elation, Hypomania and Mania in 1971, which provided a formulation of the psychodynamics of manic-depressive illness and its relationship to normal development that is widely accepted today. During the latter part of Pao's clinical career, he turned his attention to schizophrenia. In 1979 he published Schizophrenic Disorders, in which he outlined a developmental model for understanding the onset and course of these disorders and the degree of recovery possible.
The essays in this new book in his honor, like Pao's own studies, address themselves to various aspects of the illness and represent many different reference points employed in an effort to provide a more comprehensive understanding of schizophrenia. The essays are organized into four main sections, excluding the Introduction and Conclusion. They cover Diagnosis, Theory, Developmental Research, and Treatment. There are three essays in the sec