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This paper considers which aspects of countertransference should be admitted into the therapeutic situation and which should be dealt with by the therapist outside the context of the therapy. Finding existing terminology confusing, the author proposes to differentiate between "therapist-induced countertransference" and "client-induced countertransference." In the former, the preponderant factor is the therapist's own unresolved conflicts; these conflicts may be activated more intensely by some patients than others. In the latter, it is the client's unresolved conflicts that are preponderant in eliciting "non-rational intrapsychic manifestations" in the therapist. In many, and perhaps most, instances, countertransference is a combination of these two types. Careful dissection of the one from the other will lead to optimal clinical response, since client-induced countertransference is most helpfully brought to the patient's attention, while therapist-induced countertransference is best dealt with by the therapist's continuing analysis, self-analysis, or supervision. Successfully dealing with therapist-induced countertransference often makes it possible for the therapist to work effectively with client-induced countertransference.