Reel Significations: An Anatomy of Psychoanalytic Film Criticism. Harvey R. Greenberg and Krin Gabbard. Pp. 89-110.

Psychoanalysis has neglected examination of the cinema until the past few decades. The authors provide an extensive, yet concise, review of the recent increasingly sophisticated use of psychoanalytic theory and concepts in film criticism. The various views discussed include the semiotic, the Lacanian, and the feminist. There has been a shift from analyzing characters in cinema and from biopathology of the director, to analytic understanding of the experience of the audience. They conclude that "modesty and tolerance for a plurality of approaches would seem encumbent upon the contemporary analytic film critic."