Marvick surveys the development of psychohistory and psychobiography in their distinctively North American forms. She notes the considerable appreciation for psychobiographical studies in America, in contrast to the relative indifference or hostility in France and Great Britain. Psychohistorical studies have usually precipitated an interaction between psychoanalysis and the different disciplines of the liberal arts and sciences. Marvick observes that psychobiographical inquiries have been pursued primarily outside the historical profession in analytically oriented journals. She notes, however, the landmark presidential address of 1957 by William Langer to the American Historical Association, which placed the imprimatur of respectability on the application of analytic hypotheses to historical studies in its