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In this paper, the long-term outcome of psychoanalytic treatment is evaluated by: (1) catamnestic interviews (at least two years after the end of therapy), with a text-analytic methodology, and (2) measurement according to prospectively determined individual therapy goals (ITG—adequacy to the Goal Attainment Scaling). Of sixty-nine psychoanalytic (n = 36) and psychoanalytically oriented patients treated. in the Heidelberg Catamnesis Project, 91% could be reached for this catamnestic study. Of these patients, 77% agreed to detailed interviews and completed the ITG ratings. The text-analytic methodology from the original transcript of the interviews to the selective protocol, evaluation of the category system of personal goals from the individual patient's point of view, and an outcome rating are described. It was demonstrated that changing the self-image was the most important of sixteen distinct outcome categories. With control of the influence of sociodemographic data, and with the setting of variables and themes in the interviews, it was found that 55% of the sample had a “good” or “very good” outcome. By rating the ITG, 72% of the psychoanalytically treated patients reached a “good” or “very good” result. Discussing the outcome evaluation by text analysis and by ITG rating showed that both methods were necessary, since they access distinct outcome aspects.