In the early, heady days of psychoanalysis, many of the participants in Freud's Wednesday night meetings were, as Louis Rose points out, dedicated young moralist intellectuals who were committed to the development of a cultural science that could be applied— by others—to the solution of major social problems.1 For them, psychoanalysis was not merely a clinical tool, but a potentially subversive instrument directed toward the transformation of society for Utopian ends. The passage of time, the increasing medicalization of the profession, and the political and economic disruptions