This book is the second in a series titled “Independent Psychoanalytic Approaches with Children and Adolescents.” Its editors, Ann Horne and Monica Lanyado, also edited the first book in the series,1 and had previously coedited another book in the same area.2 Both are members of the British Association of Psychotherapists (BAP).

It is first of all important to define and clarify the psychoanalytic movement known as the Independents. A comprehensive book covering its history and evolution is available,3 and I will also briefly outline some of that history in what follows.