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In Vienna, the seeds of feminism and of psychoanalysis were sewn and became rooted during the close of the 19th century. Both movements were supported by progressive forces, but, as Harriet Anderson points out in her excellent Preface, the feminism occurring in Vienna at that period was not our present feminism: the Viennese feminists were idealists, who envisioned a new social order. These feminists had to start by combating the antifeminism of the entrenched conservative forces that blames women's emancipation for many of the ills of society—for degenerate sexuality and loose morality, faulty motherhood and childbearing, and for dissatisfied, hysterical hermaphrodites. Artists, no better than conservatists, considered the women's rights movement as “organized sexual envy,” and a boon to prostitution parading as high-minded sexual politics (p. 3). Anderson's most informative book abounds in quotes from the literature of the period. She reveals the contradictory patriarchal assumptions that have helped to keep women down: men's contempt for women who look for husbands while encouraging women's need for male protection; men's disapproval of women's emphasis on appearance while expecting women to be well turned out; men's demanding that women be