Today's immigrants often have the twenty-first-century desire to maintain the cultural ideals and practices that their predecessors were eager to shed. This paper is concerned with psychoanalytic receptivity to these ideals and practices and, more abstractly, with the conception of cultural difference that informs psychoanalytic theory and practice. The author introduces a conceptual framework from cultural psychology to theorize differences in everyday practice, thought, feeling and relationship patterning across cultures. A case vignette contrasts three potential interpretive responses to a cultural practice that, while common around the world, is relatively unfamiliar to psychoanalysis. It is suggested that a pluralistic conception of difference facilitates modes of listening essential to psychoanalytic work across cultures. In addition, the author suggests that cultural psychology's pluralistic conception of difference may be useful to the psychoanalytic project of theorizing linkages between individual subjectivity, relational phenomena and culture.