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Freud's “Recommendations” (1912, 1913a, 1914b, 1915) contain a clear and rather complete design for the practice of psychoanalysis. In these brief writings, the sociologist will find a blueprint for the then-novel profession of psychotherapy. Yet these four articles, so easily accessible to the uninitiated reader, are relatively unknown outside the circle of psychoanalytic practitioners and have never been the subject of sociological inquiry.
From the beginning of this century, sociologists in Europe and the United States have studied Freud's works, but they have mostly been interested in his general views on human psychology and, especially, in his own application of psychoanalytic theory to social problems.1 Others have investigated the general application of psychoanalytic ideas to the design of sociological research and analysis.2 Although the relation to