The Boston Change Process Study Group(BCPSG) has consistently and incisively explicated child development literature in its relationship to a theory of change in adult psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. This paper assesses some central aspects of their work. We highlight several themes that we believe are relevant to the issues that the BCPSG has raised. As a main point we note the manner in which the BCPSG bifurcates theoretical models. We maintain that this type of bifurcation is not justified by the data they cite. After summarizing their assumptions, we examine some of the empirical evidence that they mention and contend that this evidence can be interpreted in several different ways. We try to show that the infant research they cite supports a contemporary Freudian position as well the position advocated by the BCPSG. We offer a model that we believe reflects greater continuity in theoretical and clinical concepts. In this paper we also offer a critique of a clinical case the BCPSG has stated illustrates their theoretical-clinical principles.