The discussion applies the basic psychological concepts of emotion schemas and the referential process to the case material presented by Drs. Richard Chefetz and David Mark. Emotion schemas are types of memory schemas that develop in an interpersonal field. They include subsymbolic processes, symbolic imagery, and linguistic codes, integrated to varying degrees. In treatment both participants come in with their emotion schemas, developed in the course of their lives, activated in the events of the day; communication between analyst and patient occurs on all levels in subsymbolic somato-sensory and symbolic verbal forms. The discussion of Dr. Chefetz's presentation emphasizes the relationships among multiple schemas of self and others, within the patient and between patient and analyst. The discussion of Dr. Mark's three cases focuses on connections and disconnections within the schemas as well as between them and emphasizes the pivotal role of imagery in connecting subsymbolic experience and words, and in the reconstruction of dissociated schemas in the context of the therapeutic relationship.