Omnipotent Responsibility Guilt: Theoretical, Clinical, and Empirical Features

This article aims to give the reader an overview of the concept of omnipotent responsibility guilt, which, according to control-mastery theory (CMT), is the emotional manifestation of a set of pathogenic beliefs that make people believe that if they put their needs in the foreground and do not try to satisfy the needs of their important others, their significant others will suffer. These pathogenic beliefs were generally developed to adapt to early traumatic and adverse experiences, that is, experiences that disrupted the patient's sense of safety in acute, systematic, or chronic ways. In the case of people with omnipotent-responsibility-related pathogenic beliefs, among these experiences, we find parents with physical or psychological problems, parents who were victims of accidents, parents who were separated or were mourning some loss and wanted their children to take care of them, and situations where parents reversed their roles with their children. Omnipotent responsibility guilt correlates with different forms of psychopathology, such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and anxiety disorders, and with several transdiagnostic features, such as worry and low self-esteem. We describe some clinical exemplifications to show how, according to the CMT, patients with pathogenic beliefs supporting omnipotent responsibility guilt can try to become aware and disprove these pathogenic beliefs and master their traumas in psychotherapy, and how therapists can help them have the corrective emotional experiences they need to get better.