This article shows that psychodynamic perspectives are particularly relevant in working with people who have Asperger's syndrome (AS). It is believed that a central problem among people with AS is difficulty in understanding their own mind and the mind of others. Recent discussion of factors involved in fostering change in psychoanalytic psychotherapy stresses the importance of a theory of mind, known as mentalization, that refers to the effort by the therapist to understand the patient's mind. It is in this demonstration of the activity of coming to know the mind of another that psychodynamic perspectives may be particularly helpful in working with persons with AS to come to understand their own mind and to know the minds of others. Psychodynamic psychotherapy is also important in helping persons with AS to deal with difficulties and frustrations that they have encountered in their life.