In this second of a two-part article, we describe how the therapist's interpretations promote therapeutic progress. Any therapist behavior that is in accord with the patient's will be helpful to the patient, but interventions that are at cross purposes with the patient's plan will not be helpful. The implications of the plan concept for brief dynamic therapy are described and contrasted with other key technical concepts such as transference interpretations, therapeutic alliance, and interpretive activity. The importance of understanding the patient's plan and intervening in accord with it are illustrated in several case vignettes.