In Mahler, Pine, and Bergman's (1975) concept of “emotional refueling,” an evocative metaphor is used to depict an exchange of energy between mother and infant. This study of videotaped interactive data reexamines the impact of these reunion episodes on the 10-to 12-month-old infant's expression of emotion and attention. Through intentional pursuit of the mother, the baby effectively regulates high and low levels of arousal before reunion to a more organized attentional and affective state after reunion. The four patterns of “intentional reciprocity” are vitalizing reciprocity, soothing reciprocity, mutual attunement, and protective reciprocity. That an infant can use newly emerging cognitive awareness and locomotor capacities to cope with the difficulties of its experience reflects a new level of ego organization with profound implications for the development of internalization, defense, and psychological adaptation.