The panel “Learning Psychoanalysis, Then and Now” was convened to compare psychoanalytic training in the 1960s to contemporary training. More specifically, the panelists addressed John Ross's contention that rigid, controlling, and sadomasochistic features of psychoanalytic institutes encourage deferential submissiveness by casting dissent as a form of acting out. Panelists used their own experiences in training and at their institutes to discuss these issues.