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Contemporary psychoanalytic perspectives, especially those broadly labeled relational, have significant implications for how supervision is understood and conducted. perspectivist, 2-person models of psychoanalysis may be applied to the ways supervisors construct supervisory authority, knowledge, and the transmission of clinical technique to the trainee. Specifically, a dyadic model of psychoanalysis leads to a triadic view of the supervisory process. Clinical examples are used to expand traditional concepts of parallel process and illustrate ways in which supervisor, therapist, and patient are engaged in an inevitable and ongoing system of multidirectional influence. Relational concepts—such as the value of paradox and uncertainty, the interaction between mutuality and asymmetry, locating a balance between old and new object relationships, and
Mary McKinney, PhD, University of Michigan Psychological Clinic, University of Michigan.
An earlier version of this article was presented at the Division of Psychoanalysis Meeting of the 104th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Special thanks are due to the following colleagues for their helpful comments on drafts of this article: Neil Altman, M. Janice Gutfreund, Robert Hatcher, Kimberlyn Leary, and Jennifer Stuart. I also thank the late Martin Mayman. PhD (April 2, 1924-March 18, 1999). For more than 40 years his intellect, intuition. curiosity, warmth, and humor created an internal reference point for clinical excellence among the many psychologists lucky enough to have him as a supervisor.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mary McKinney, PhD, University of Michigan Psychological Clinic, 525 East University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1109. Electronic mail may be sent to marymck@umich.edu.
attending to reciprocal influences in affective shifts—are highlighted as they apply to the supervisory triad.