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Given the reputation that psychoanalytic theory is biased against women, this study investigated 2 questions: (a) How common is it that empirical studies of psychoanalytic theory use male as opposed to female participants? and (b) What is the success rate in predicting women's and men's behavior? The empirical study of psychoanalytic hypotheses is apparently a predominantly male endeavor involving predominantly male participants. A meta-analysis of 98 relevant articles demonstrated that studies using both genders reported stronger results
Joseph Masling, PhD, Inna Fishman, PhD, and Joanne Davila, PhD, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo; Robert F. Bornstein, PhD, Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College.
The authors wish to thank Dr. Suzanne Gassner, Dr. Norman Holland, Dr. Ann Schlesinger, and Dr. Herbert Schlesinger for their helpful comments on a draft of this article.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Joseph Masling, PhD, Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260. E-mail: Masling@acsu.buffalo.edu
with men than women. However, studies using one gender only reported comparable results for men and women. Author gender, date of publication, and type of outcome measure used were unrelated to outcome.