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This study was undertaken primarily with a view to determining whether or not psychoanalysis could be applied to the severe cases of manic depressive psychosis with beneficial results. The psychoanalytic literature dealing with this psychosis is discouragingly meagre. Karl Abraham in an article published in the Zentralblatt für Psychoanalyze, 1912,1 reported several cases of depression which he had treated with success. Stekel in an article published soon after2 on the Terminations of Psychoanalytic Treatments observes that the results are usually unfavorable in manic-depressive cases. Hoch, in his Study of the Benign Psychoses,3 gave an analysis of the manic-depressive character, pointing out the psychological factors involved in developing the attack and indicating the manner of approach to the problem. Following this work, Campbell4 and Clark5 published brief psychoanalytical studies of cases calling attention to the relation of the psychotic behavior to the previous emotional experience of the patient. Clark felt that analysis was in most of his cases an effective therapeutic measure, applied either in the depressed or the normal interval. Other writers have from time to time called attention to the wishfulfilling unconscious mechanism at the basis of the psychosis. The cases reported, however, are as yet too few to encourage the psychoanalyst to attack this form of mental disorder with the same hopeful and free spirit which he brings to the neuroses, psychoneuroses and even to schizophrenia.