The interest in psychoanalytic study extended into Spanish and Portuguese countries comparatively early. One of the first of the completed translations of Freud's works appeared in Spanish, and now South America is showing evidence of productive activity.

Dr. Ramos, Docent in the psychiatric faculty in the University of Bahia, has here brought together, chiefly in abridged and reëdited form, a series of individual studies which he had published in different scientific periodicals of South America. It may be interpolated that Dr. Ramos