In a brilliant paper in the June 1964 issue of Current Anthropology a linguist and an archaeologist, Charles Hockett and Robert Ascher, present a new interpretation of what they call “The Human Revolution.”* They attempt to trace the origins of man by drawing on linguistics as well as the usual paloentological, archaeological and geological reconstructions. What they have come up with is of extraordinary significance for psychoanalysis and points to the need for a further elaboration of their theory in the light of a psychoanalytically-oriented anthropology. Hockett and Ascher themselves do not employ a psychoanalytic approach or refer to psychodynamic mechanisms, but the addition of these latter would fill out some of the lacunae and puzzles posed by their interpretation and I think the time is ripe for just such a development in anthropology. First let me summarize Hockett and Ascher's hypotheses: