Psychoanalytic Schools from the Beginning to the Present. Dieter Wyss. Transl. Gerald Onn, Introd. Leston L. Havens. New York:  Jason Aronson, 1973.  viii + 568 pp.

This book was originally published in West Germany in 1961 under the title Die tiefenpsychologischen Schulen von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. It is now translated and available for an English-speaking audience. The book is important for students, practitioners, and researchers of psychoanalysis because it brings, within one cover, not only the great contributions of Freud, Adler, and Jung, but also the modifications and changes made by followers of these three innovators.

Books of this nature have been published before, the best known being perhaps Ruth Monroe's Schools of Psychoanalytic Thought, which was published about twenty years ago. At that time it was the most comprehensive treatise on the subject. It presented, compared, and contrasted the writings of these three pioneers into unconscious motivations. Wyss' book about psychoanalytic schools covers a wider frame of reference. The contents of the book are known to all of us in one form or another, so there is no need for a critical evaluation. I will merely try to show the breadth of ground covered by the author and to persuade the reader that this reference book is essential to anyone with a serious interest in psychoanalysis.

Part I is devoted to Freud; it covers Freud's early work with Breuer, his early versions of the libido theory, his studies of symptoms, the id, the ego and the superego, and his dream interpretations. The author also pays tribute to the influences that Herbart, Fechner, Breuer, and Meynert had on Freud. In roughly 150 pages Wyss discusses such subjects as personality development, perversions, infantile sexuality, conflicts of drives, causation of neuroses, ego ideal and sublimation, culture and repression, fantasies and dreams, problems of anxiety, death drive, and topography of the personality.

Part II discusses in detail the additions made by the Freudian school, especially the contributions of Karl Abraham, Sandor Ferenczi, and Otto Fenichel. The important representatives of the Bri