Psychotherapy: Impact on Psychoanalytic Training. The Influence of the Practice and Theory of Psychotherapy on Education in Psychoanalysis. International Psychoanalytical Association Monograph Series, Number 1. Edward D. Joseph and Robert S. Wallerstein (Eds.). New York:  International Universities Press, 1982,  xvii + 174 pp.

This slender volume inaugurates a monograph series sponsored by the International Psychoanalytic Association and comprises the proceedings of the Eighth Pre-Congress Conference on Psychoanalytic Training held in New York in 1979. The subject is one that has in various forms plagued and attracted psychoanalytic thinkers beginning with Freud some 65 years ago.

Two major factors seem relevant in making this topic of perennial interest again the focus of a conference: (1) financial, political, and social pressure from competing therapists and theories; (2) the modifications of psychoanalytic therapy introduced into the treatment of borderline, narcissistic, and other severe character pathology as a result of new theoretical developments in psychoanalysis.

The book begins with position paper chapters by Otto Kernberg, David Zimmerman, and Joseph Sandler, each chosen to present a (geographical) regional viewpoint on the subject (North America, South America, and Europe, respectively). These are followed by the keynote paper of the conference by Leo Stone. The final three chapters of the book are summary chapters by Robert Wallerstein, Shelly Orgel (both of the United States) and Daniel Wodlöcher (France).

Kernberg unhesitatingly defines and differentiates psychoanalysis and psychotherapy, and discusses indications for each therapy. He recapitulates briefly his well known position on treating borderline patients and discusses the broadening indications for psychoanalysis in relation to psychoanalytic psychotherapy. He argues forcefully that systematic teaching and inquiry into psychoanalytic psychotherapy can be enriching to the education of the psychoanalytic candidate and enriching to psychoanalysis itself. He points out that what is beyond the boundary of psychoanalysis should be of great interest to psychoanalysts as a source of additional data that can strengthen psychoanalytic theory and practice.

Joseph Sandler's contribution focuses more on risks involved in the tea