In 1936 the philosopher Ludwig Fleck introduced the concept of the thought collective in his book, On the Development and Genesis of a Scientific Fact. His fundamental proposition was that scientific facts are necessarily influenced or determined by social, historical, psychological, and personal factors. This is true, Fleck contends, of science in general, and, I would contend, of psychoanalysis in particular. It would apply to the discovery and development of psychoanalytic principles by Freud, a Jew, and his followers, almost all of whom, initially at least, were Jewish (the first eighteen were Jewish and all came either directly from Galacia or