This paper contends that psychoanalytic theory, a neglected component of social work education, has much to offer in explaining social policy, cultural diversity, and human behavior. It serves to introduce four papers presented at the Presidential Symposium of the December 2001 meeting of the American Psychoanalytic Association and provides a framework supporting the integration of psychoanalytic theory as essential curriculum content for successful social work practice in the 21st century. This position is supported by evidence illustrating how other professions have incorporated psychoanalytic theory in explaining dynamics of social change and human behavior, such as violence. The authors challenge social work educators to expand their vision of psychoanalytic theory and to institute curriculum modifications supporting its relevance and inclusion.