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Mission-oriented serial killers commit murders driven by extremist ideologies, targeting perceived threats or “undesirables.” Despite their significance, this subject remains understudied due to its rarity. In this article, I examined the case of Saeed Hanaei, a mission-oriented serial killer in Mashhad, Iran, who murdered 16 prostitutes under the claim of purifying the city from moral corruption. I proposed a theoretical framework to understand such perpetrators, focusing on the interplay of individual and large-group psychodynamics, as their violence emerges within an ideological context tied to a large-group. By analyzing Hanaei’s case, I explored how personal conflicts, particularly his troubled relationship with his mother, could have predisposed him to violence, while the larger-group psychodynamics acted as a catalyst. I argued that the intersection of individual vulnerabilities and large-group dynamics is key to understanding mission-oriented killers. Also, drawing parallels with lone wolves, I scrutinized shared characteristics, as both employ violence to advance ideological aims. Finally, I discussed the intergenerational transmission of trauma, exploring how perpetrators and victims shape the formative identities of their children through distinct self-images, perpetuating the effects of such crimes across generations. This case provides insights into the psychological and social dimensions of mission-oriented serial killings.