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Haynal's book is essentially a historical study that moves along three clearly defined axes: the history of ideas, the history of the psychoanalytical movement and a biographical investigation of a few men who made important contributions to the movement and to the development of ideas. Budapest is the point at which these lines intersect, a city which enjoyed an intense and cosmopolitan cultural life up until the 1920s when, under the Horthy régime, it began a decline that was to prove definitive only a decade later under Nazism. If one considers that between 1920 and 1937 Hungarian émigrés included men of the stature of Alexander, Hermann, Lorand, Rado, Rapaport, Róheim, Spitz, and the Balints, it is not difficult to imagine the energy that characterized Hungarian psychoanalysis in the second decade of the century. Melanie Klein also lived in Budapest from 1911 to 1919, and the same cultural circles counted among their habitués artists and scholars such as Bartok, Kodály, Lukacs, and Mannheim, to name only the most famous. Textual criticism is rendered particularly difficult by the fact that in a society as open to exchange as that under consideration, almost everyone wrote with equal ease in Hungarian or German. What is more, the great number of translations, also by different hands, makes the compiling of a bibliography an especially complicated task. In what