The author, through the analysis of the psychoanalytic literature on the theme of the fraternal, traces a path aimed at bringing out the way in which this question has been treated in classical authors and in contemporary international literature. In a first part of the article, the contributions of Freud, Klein, Winnicott and Lacan are analysed. Subsequently, the author tries to show the theoretical evolutions relating to the fraternal, present in the contemporary landscape, with particular reference to the transition from an intrapsychic focus to an intersubjective focus. Finally, the author offers a reflection on the role of the fraternal in the social field.