This paper has described cases of children whose overt symptomatology was that met in children with extreme behavior disorders. Close observation showed that the emotional development of the children was retarded and that their behavior could be understood when it was compared with the feelings and reactions of very young children. Three cases were described whose earlier symptomatology had been similar to that of the previous cases, and who in adolescence developed schizophrenia. It is possible that the difference between the

cases described and those which have the classical diagnosis of schizophrenia in childhood is only one of degree.