SOME OF THE MATERIAL USED IN THIS PAPER HAS BEEN EXTRACTED from the literature, i.e., from publications where relations between fathers and their infants are described. Other material comes from personal observations of fathers' attitudes and their behavior toward their young sons and daughters. More important still, it comes from young men who were in analytic treatment or in training at the time their infants were born; I am much indebted to them for their communications. Beyond this I owe the greatest debt to the Baby Department of the Hampstead Child-Therapy Clinic. The staff of the Infant Welfare Clinic, Dr. Josefine Stross, pediatrician, and her assistants Irene Freud and Elizabeth Model have provided a wealth of careful reports in which interaction between the parents and their infants are noted and described in a most useful manner. That in these examples the boys far outnumber the girls is purely accidental.