In presenting material from the first year of Rosa's analysis I have tried to trace the interaction between her developing sense of autonomy and the development of internal controls and defense mechanisms. This is comparable to the parallel development of the differentiation of self and object and the differentiation within the mental apparatus, i.e., between id and ego.

In Rosa's case, the abilities to fool and to have secrets were central to this ongoing parallel development: until she could fool me, she was unable to fool herself, as it were, to keep some thoughts and feelings unconscious. Rosa's ability to have her own thoughts,