IN 1943 THE JEWISH POPULATION OF WHAT WAS THEN PALESTINE welcomed enthusiastically 2000 children from Teheran, most of them orphans who had fled with their parents and families from the Nazi invasion of Russian-occupied Poland in World War II. They had endured terrible hardships in war-ravaged Russia. Famine, hard labor in Siberia, and disease (primarily typhoid) had decimated their numbers. They had been brought to Teheran for embarkation to Palestine where Youth Villages and kibbutzim eagerly awaited them. Everybody was willing to help the survivors of European Jewry, and these Teheran children provided one of the first opportunities. They came to us with extremely severe problems. Despair, anxiety, and real fear of annihilation were pervasive. Yet after a short tumultuous period, most of the children adjusted remarkably well, covering their deep wounds by a façade of youthful activities, and displaying an iron will to share