Heinz Hartmann was born in Vienna in 1894 and died in Stony Point, New York, in 1970. He became something of a dean of world psychoanalysis in the mid-twentieth century, when the influence of psychoanalysis was perhaps at its height.1

Hartmann was born into a family distinguished in art, science, scholarship, and politics. His father's father, Moritz Hartmann (1821-72), was a well-known poet, essayist, journalist, professor of literature, and member of parliament. Ten volumes of his collected works were published in 1873-74. He was a leader of the revolutionary first German parliament of 1848, in Frankfurt, and of the parallel changes in Vienna immediately following. When the revolutionary liberal reforms of 1848 were overturned, he had to flee Vienna. We were told that he did so by staging a funeral and leaving the walled city in a coffin. He went to France, England, the Netherlands, and Switzerland; wrote poetry and travel books and reports on the Crimean War; became a professor at