Therapists who work with very young and deeply troubled children stand on the shoulders of Anni Bergman, expanding her vision to ongoing work. This paper will describe a program of dyadic treatment for caregivers and young children in the foster care system, for whom multiple generations of trauma have prevented secure attachment and therefore disrupted the development of the confidence and trust needed for rapprochement and future ego development in the children. The program is based on concepts of Attachment and Mentalization, which are branches of the same tree as Bergman’s pioneering work with Mahler and Pine on separation and individuation and Bergman’s career-long exploration of the inner world of children during toddlerhood. Clinical examples will be presented of work with two children first seen at less than two years of age.