Freedom, arising from the work of culture understood as the intrapsychic and inter-individual working through of life experiences, is developed thanks to the social ties of love (Eros) offered by civilization and its ethical foundations. This article endeavours to show how freedom, tested by ties of love, continually gives new impetus to the work of culture in its elaboration of the conflict between the individual and civilization. The author examines the attacks on freedom in the form of collective ideologies (group psychology) through a dominant ideology in contemporary culture which takes the paradoxical form of a collective claim to a so-called freedom to love acquired in the sphere of sexuality. On the basis of this examination, the author proposes an extension of the work of culture: where the super-ego-of-culture was, the individual superego shall be.