In the collective imagination, the fate of the envious person has no other outcomes than melancholia or psychopathy. From the point of view of psychoanalysis, Melanie Klein’s perspective allows us to think in terms of transforming envy into gratitude. But how can the problem of envy be tackled in an analysis if one does not subscribe to the style of Kleinian interpretations situated in the register of destructiveness? In the course of clinical sequences, the author wonders if it is possible, starting from a position of horizontal transference, to help a patient integrate her aggressive impulses while at the same time restoring her wounded narcissism? Freud’s position regarding penis envy will be looked at again from the angle of a reflection on the representation of the female sexual organs. Finally, the author asks if it is legitimate for analysts to position themselves in the tradition of the Kleinian definition of envy, when it is explicitly related to the theological theory of sin.